These really are the key components which comprise a Linux system. Unlike Windows, which is a single stack, and you don’t have any options to swap anything out, Linux is a more modular system.
In case that sounds too complicated, most distros that a user downloads, are complete to install and run. Some may just offer a choice of which desktop environment you’d like to install, or which type of file system, but if in doubt they will have defaults on offer.
So this jargon guide is quite useful to quickly understanding what the different terminology is, especially if you need to log an issue or a request on a user forum or a software project.
With so many new Linux users on Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Steam Decks, etc, it has got a lot more friendly and helpful to novice users. Getting to grips with some key jargon, though, does make one feel at home a lot more quickly.